備戰(zhàn)08年高考英語：選擇連詞要把握邏輯思維

　　連詞連接兩個詞、短語或句子，從句法的意義上說，連詞是使語句豐富多彩不可或缺的詞。

　　例一 Between the two generations, it is often not their age, ___ their education that causes misunderstanding.

　　A. like B. as

　　C. or D. but

　　答案D。not …but…連接age和education兩個單詞。

　　例二 Reality is not the way you wish things to be, nor the way they appear to be, ____ the way they actually are.

　　A. as B. or

　　C. but D. and

　　答案C。題干中not…nor…，but…連接三個the way…短語。

　　例三They wanted to charge $ 5, 000 for the car , ______ we managed to bring the price down.

　　A．but B．so

　　C．when D．since

　　答案A。but連接前后兩個有轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的單句。

　　掌握連詞要注意如下幾個方面：

　　一、連詞要分類記憶

　　連詞數(shù)量不是很多，但其語義覆蓋到了各種邏輯關(guān)系。記憶連詞可以采取分類記憶的辦法，將連詞按形式、來源和語法功能進(jìn)行分組記憶。

　　1. 連詞從形式上說，有單個使用的詞，如and，since等；有成對使用的詞，如not only…but also，as…as等；還有兩個以上的詞組合而成的短語連詞，如as well as，in order that等。

　　例一 A man cannot smile like a child, _____a child smiles with his eyes, while a man smiles with his lips alone.

　　A. so B. but

　　C. and D. for

　　答案D。for為并列連詞，表示因果。

　　例二 you have mentioned it，I’ll remember to look after your dog when you go traveling．

　　A．Before B．If

　　C．Now that D．Until

　　答案C。Now that為從屬連詞，表示原因。

　　例三 ____I can see , there is only one possible way to keep away from danger.

　　A. As long as B. As far as

　　C. Just as D. Even if

　　答案B。as far as意為“據(jù)……”， “就……”，表示程度、深度等。

　　2. 連詞從來源上說，有本身就是連詞的，如and，or等；有一詞多“性”的詞，如yet，immediately等，除了做副詞之外，它們也有連詞的用法，在做題時需要留心辨別；還有從動詞的分詞轉(zhuǎn)化而來的分詞連詞，如provided，supposing，considering等。

　　例一We called the First - Aid Center_______ the traffic accident happened.

　　A. immediately

　　B. shortly

　　C. quickly

　　D. hurriedly

　　答案A。immediately在這里做連詞，相當(dāng)于as soon as的用法，表示：“…立即就…”。

　　例二She came to the scene ______ she heard of the accident.

　　A．a(chǎn)t the moment

　　B．the moment

　　C．for the moment

　　D．in a moment

　　答案B。the moment在這里做連詞，相當(dāng)于as soon as的用法，表示：“…即刻就…”。注意，在使用時the moment前不加介詞，后不加連詞，不能錯誤地表述為“at the moment when”

　　例三 _____the pain was bad, ______he did not complain.

　　A. Although; but

　　B. Though; but

　　C. Though; yet

　　D. Even; still

　　答案C。Although /Though和but都是連詞，在一個句子中，只能使用一個，不可同時使用。這里的yet充當(dāng)副詞。同樣的道理，because和so，一“因”一“果”，也不能同時在一個句子中使用。

　　3. 連詞從語法作用上說，有并列連詞，即連接并列的詞、短語或句子，表示并列、遞進(jìn)、轉(zhuǎn)折、因果、選擇等等，如and, but, or, nor, so, therefore, yet, however, nevertheless, for, as well as, both…and…, not only…but also…, either…or…, neither…nor…, and then等；

　　例一Stand over there you’ll be able to see it better.

　　A. or B. while

　　C. but D. and

　　答案D。and表示遞進(jìn)。

　　例二 You have failed two tests. You’d better start working harder, ____you won’t pass the course.

　　A. and B. so

　　C. but D. or

　　答案D。or引出結(jié)果。

　　例三—— I think George doesn’t really care for TV plays.

　　——Right, he still watches the program.

　　A. and B. but

　　C. or D. so

　　答案B。but表示轉(zhuǎn)折。

　　例四Unlike watching TV, reading is a highly active process ______ it requires attention as well as memory and imagination.

　　A. until B. but

　　C. unless D. for

　　答案D。for表示因果。

　　連詞還有從屬連詞，即連接復(fù)合句中的主句及從句。其中：

　　（1） 引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連詞有：

　　①連接陳述句，表示事實(shí)的連詞that；

　　例 A story goes ______ Elizabeth I of England liked nothing more than being surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen at court.

　　A. when B. where

　　C. what D. that

　　答案D。

　　②連接一般疑問句，表示是否的if或whether；

　　例 ________ we will build a new power plant hasn’t been decided yet.

　　A. If B. what

　　C. whether D. that

　　答案C。whether引導(dǎo)主語從句，表達(dá)是否之意，使用whether，不能用if。特別提醒：在名詞從句中，只有及物動詞的賓語從句可以同時使用if來引導(dǎo)，其他情況都要用whether來引導(dǎo)。

　　③連接特殊疑問句，表示“5W1H”的who, whose, what, how, where, when, why等。

　　例一 After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth, ___ our astronauts desire to do is walk in space.

　　A. where B. what

　　C. that D. how

　　例二 You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is ______I disagree.

　　A. why B. where

　　C. what D. how

　　例三Parents are taught to understand ____ important education is to their children’s future.

　　A. that B. how

　　C. such D. so

　　答案：BBB

　　④還有連接事實(shí)，表示“無論…”的連詞whatever, whenever, wherever, however,

　　例一 ______is worth doing and should be done well.

　　A．No matter what

　　B．No matter whatever

　　C．Whatever

　　D．All what

　　答案C。特別提醒：注意在名詞從句中，不能將Whatever“打開”成No matter whatever，因?yàn)镹o matter whatever只引導(dǎo)狀語從句，而Whatever既可以引導(dǎo)名詞從句，又可以引導(dǎo)狀語從句。

　　例二 Give this to ______ you think can do the work well .

　　A．who B．whoever

　　C．whomever D．whatever

　　答案B。特別提醒：注意連接代詞主賓格的選擇是由它在從句中的語法作用來決定的，不要往“前”看，要向“后”看。

　　（2）引導(dǎo)狀語從句的連詞有：

　　①表示時間：when, while, as, before, after, since，until, till, as soon as, the moment（minute，second，…）, directly, immediately，every time, the first time，no sooner … than, hardly …when, scarcely … when，whenever,once等。

　　例一 —— What was the party like?

　　—— Wonderful. It is years ____ I enjoyed myself so much.

　　A. after B. before

　　C. when D. since

　　例二 It is difficult for us to learn a lesson in life ____ we’ve actually had that lesson.

　　A. until B. after

　　C. since D. when

　　例三You can eat food free in my restaurant you like.

　　A. whenever

　　B. wherever

　　C. whatever

　　D. however

　　例四 —— Did you remember to return the book to our English teacher?

　　—— Yes. I gave it to him _________ I saw him.

　　A. once B. while

　　C. if D. the moment

　　例五 _______ she met me, I was only a little girl.

　　A. For the first time

　　B. The first time

　　C. It was the first time

　　D. First of all

　　例六No sooner had the clerk arrived office _____ he started his computer.

　　A. than B. but

　　C. when D. then

　　例七 _____environmental damage is done, it takes many years for the ecosystem to recover.

　　A. Even if

　　B. If only

　　C. While

　　D. Once

　　答案：DAADBAD

　　②表示原因： because, as, since, now that，considering that, seeing that等。

　　例一 Parents should take seriously their children’s requests for sunglasses _____ eye protection is necessary in sunny weather.

　　A. because B. though

　　C. unless D. if

　　例二Jenny was very sad over the loss of the photos she had shot at Canada, ____this was a memory she especially treasured.

　　A. as B. if

　　C. when D. where

　　答案：AA

　　③表示條件： if, unless，so long as, in case（萬一)，on condition that, only if，providing/provided that, suppose/supposing that(倘若假使) 等。

　　例一In time of serious accidents, ___we know some basic things about first aid, we can save lives.

　　A. whether B. until

　　C. if D. unless

　　例二 We won’t keep winning games _____we keep playing well.

　　A. because B. unless

　　C. when D. while

　　例三 Leave your key with a neighbor ___ you lock yourself out one day

　　A. ever since B. even if

　　C. soon after D. in case

　　例四 —— What are you going to do this afternoon?

　　—— I’ll probably go for a walk later on it stays fine．

　　A．a(chǎn)s far as B．so long as

　　C．even if D．a(chǎn)s if

　　例五 John's mother allowed him to go swimming ___that he didn't go too far from the bank.

　　A. if B. unless

　　C. when D. on condition

　　答案：CBDBD

　　④表示讓步： though, although, even if，even though，as（讓步倒裝），while ( 一般用在句首 ), in spite of the fact that, no matter …，whatever, whoever, wherever, whenever, however, whichever等。

　　例一 We had to wait half an hour ______ we had already booked a table.

　　A. since B. although

　　C. until D. before

　　例二Many of them turned a deaf ear to his advice, _______ they knew it to be valuable.

　　A. as if B. now that

　　C. even though D. so that

　　例三 We won’t give up we should fail 10 times．

　　A．even if B．since

　　C．whether D．unti1

　　例四Your uncle seems to be a good driver ; ______ ,I wouldn’t dare to travel in his car .

　　A．even so B．even though

　　C．therefore D．so

　　例五 ______ happens, we should never lose hope.

　　A．No matter what

　　B．no matter whatever

　　C．What

　　D．All what

　　例六 You should try to get a good night’s sleep much work you have to do .

　　A．however B．no matter

　　C．a(chǎn)lthough D．whatever

　　例七He tried his best to solve the problem, _______difficult it was.

　　A. however B. no matter

　　C. whatever D although

　　答案：BCAAAAA

　　⑤表示方式：as, as if, as though, the way，how等。

　　例一 It looked ___ it was going to snow.

　　A. as if B. if

　　C. as D. whether

　　例二 We must do the experiment ______the teacher does.

　　A. whatever B. as

　　C. how D. when

　　答案：AB

　　⑥表示目的： that，so that, in order that, in case that, lest, for fear that，in case, for fear that，in the hope that, for the purpose that, on purpose that等。

　　例一 Roses need special care _____ they can live through winter.

　　A. because B. so that

　　C. even if D. as

　　例二 My parents live in a small village. They always keep candles in the house _____ there is a power out.

　　A. if B. unless

　　C. in case D. so that

　　例三He whispered to his wife_______ he might wake up the sleeping baby.

　　A. so that

　　B. on condition that

　　C. for fear that

　　D. so long as

　　答案：BCC

　　⑦表示結(jié)果：so…that, so that, such…that, that等。

　　例 His plan was such a good one _____we all agreed to accept it.

　　A. so B. and

　　C. that D. as

　　答案：C

　　⑧表示地點(diǎn)：where, wherever，anywhere, everywhere等。

　　例一 If you traveling ____the customs are really foreign to your own, please do as the Romans do.

　　A. in which B. what

　　C. when D. where

　　例二 —— Mom, what did your doctor say?

　　—— He advised me to live _____the air is fresher.

　　A. in where

　　B. in which

　　C. the place where

　　D. where