情態動詞與虛擬語氣,高考英語語法專題練習

　　Ⅰ. 單句語法填空

　　1．The only thing that I__could__do was that I wished her a long life.

　　解析：句意：我唯一能做的事情是希望她能長壽。所填詞表示能力，此處要表達我唯一“能”做的，而且根據wished判斷句子應該用一般過去時，所以填could。

　　2．Since you have such good preparations， there__should__not be any problem about passing the coming job interview.

　　解析：句意：既然你準備得很充分，通過即將到來的工作面試應該沒問題。根據since提供的原因“準備充分”可以判斷出，此處表示“按理說應該發生”的，故本空填情態動詞should。

　　3．It has been accepted that all the students__shall__put on masks before going to school in case they are infected with flu virus.

　　解析：句意：為防止學生感染流感病毒，學生們在進校前要戴上口罩，這一點大家都已接受。在第三人稱作主語的陳述句中，表示規定、規則，用shall。

　　4．Now I__would__like to ask you to look at some photographs if you don't mind.

　　解析：句意：如果你愿意的話，現在我想讓你看一些照片。I would like to do...是固定句式，意為“我想做……”。

　　5．Anyone__can__be in a rough life time，whether he is“Bai Fumei”or“Gao Fushuai”.

　　解析：句意：任何人都會有困難的時候，無論他是“白富美”還是“高富帥”。此處是情態動詞用于陳述句中，表示“一時的情況”，故用情態動詞can。

　　6．(2014·福建，32)__Were__(be) there no modern telecommunications，we would have to wait for weeks to get news from around the world.

　　解析：句意：如果沒有現代通信手段，我們需要等待數周才能獲得來自世界各地的新聞。由句意和主句中的“would＋動詞原形”可知，逗號前是一個表示與現在事實相反的從句，應為if there were...。此處條件句中的if省略，把were提到主語前，故填Were。

　　7．(2014·陜西)We would rather our daughter__stayed__(stay) at home with us， but it is her choice， and she is not a child any longer.

　　解析：句意：我們寧愿讓女兒和我們一起待在家里，可那是她的選擇，而且她也不再是個孩子了。would rather后的賓語從句要用虛擬語氣，用一般過去時表示與現在或將來相反的事實。

　　8．(2014·重慶，13)It was John who broke the window. Why are you talking to me as if I__had_done__(do) it？

　　解析：句意：是約翰打破了窗戶。你為什么以好像是我打破了的語氣對我說話？as if引導的狀語從句中，謂語動詞與wish引導的賓語從句的虛擬語氣形式相同。結合語境可知，此處表示對過去的虛擬，填had done。

　　9．(2016·石家莊二模)—What a slow bus this is！

　　—Yes， we__may/might__just as well walk.

　　解析：may/might as well不妨……。

　　10．(2014·四川，6)I still remember my happy childhood when my mother__would__(will) take me to Disneyland at weekends.

　　解析：句意：我仍然記得我的幸福童年，那時我母親總會在周末帶我去迪士尼樂園。would表示過去的一種習慣。

　　Ⅱ. 語法填空

　　在空白處填入適當的內容(1個單詞)或括號內單詞的正確形式。

　　Drunk driving， a major concern currently， is not a funny thing， __1. which__ has killed many people and ruined the lives of many others. At present， traffic accidents become“the world's first harm”．

　　Two months ago， after __2. drinking__(drink) a lot of alcohol， my friend's uncle drove his car home. He was __3. heavily__(heavy) drunk， but he still drove home by himself. On the road near his home， an old lady was going across the road， __4. but__ his uncle didn't notice her and he was still moving on under the influence of alcohol. And __5. the__ old lady didn't see his uncle， either. In the end， the lady died.

　　__6. Had__ it not been for his uncle's drunkenness， the terrible accident would not have happened. If the lady __7. hadn't_died__(die)， she would live a happy life with her daughters and sons. And his uncle's home was also destroyed by his uncle. Therefore， two __8. families__(family) were destroyed.

　　I wish more people __9. could__(can) realize the seriousness of drunk driving and obey the traffic regulations faithfully. Always remember： refuse __10. to_drink__(drink) and drive， and give a safe world to you and me！

　　解析：

　　1．thing后是非限制性定語從句，引導詞在從句中作主語，故填which。

　　2．after在此是介詞，后跟動名詞。

　　3．修飾was drunk用副詞。

　　4．由didn't notice判斷，該空所用詞表示轉折，故填but。

　　5．特指上文提到的lady，故填定冠詞。

　　6．根據主句中的would not have happened判斷，逗號前面是一個虛擬語氣的條件句，句子的謂語應用had done形式；但是因為省略了if，所以要把had提前到句首，由此可判斷出該空填Had。

　　7．if引導的是一個與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣句子，故應用過去完成時，填hadn't died。

　　8．集體名詞family在此是被看作整體，此處指“兩個家庭”，應用其復數形式families。

　　9．wish后的從句用虛擬語氣，此處表示與現在事實相反的情況，所以填could。

　　10．refuse后用動詞不定式作賓語，refuse to do sth.“拒絕做某事”。

　　Ⅲ.單句改錯

　　1．(2016·新課標Ⅱ)Some classmates suggest we can go to places of interest nearby.

　　答案與解析：can→should或去掉can　句意：一些同學建議我們去附近的名勝古跡。suggest作動詞，表示“建議”時，賓語從句的謂語通常用虛擬語氣“(should＋)動詞原形”，故此處可把can改為should，也可去掉can。

　　2．(2015·新課標Ⅰ)We must found ways to protect our environment.

　　答案與解析：found→find　句意：我們必須要找到保護環境的方法。情態動詞must后接動詞原形。

　　3．(2016·湖南衡陽八中二模)It is true that no one should live without money in modern society.

　　答案與解析：should→can　句意：的確，在當代社會，沒有錢就不能生活。根據句意可知，表示“能，能夠”須用can。

　　4．(2016·山西四校模擬)But for the rain，we should have a pleasant journey yesterday.

　　答案與解析：have后加had  句意：  要不是下雨，我們昨天會有一次愉快的旅行。對過去的虛擬用should have done結構。

　　5．(2016·海口二模)He had telephoned to inform me of your birthday，or I would have known nothing about it.

　　答案與解析：去掉had　or前的句子不是虛擬條件句。