英語(yǔ)高頻考點(diǎn)：語(yǔ)法手段

　　1. 通過(guò)改變句子結(jié)構(gòu)或顛倒正常語(yǔ)序的手段來(lái)進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)。

　　Happy are those who are content. 知足常樂(lè)。  Never will China be the first to use nuclear weapons. 中國(guó)決不會(huì)第一個(gè)使用核武器。  Across the river lies a newly-built bridge. 河上有一座新建的橋。  Hero as he is, he still remains modest. 盡管他是英雄，他仍然很謙虛。

　　2. 用助動(dòng)詞do, does或did來(lái)強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。

　　Do come early. 一定早點(diǎn)來(lái)。  He does know Beijing well. 他的確熟悉北京。  He did tell me about it yesterday. 他昨天的確告訴了我這件事。

　　3．用修辭疑問(wèn)句表示強(qiáng)調(diào)。

　　疑問(wèn)句轉(zhuǎn)用作加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣的陳述句，稱之為修辭性疑問(wèn)句。肯定的修辭疑問(wèn)句其意義相當(dāng)于強(qiáng)調(diào)的否定陳述句；而否定的修辭疑問(wèn)句其意義則相當(dāng)于強(qiáng)調(diào)的肯定陳述句。  Isn't it a modern school 難道這不是一所現(xiàn)代化的學(xué)校嗎？（= It is really a modern school.）  Can anyone doubt the truth of his statement 誰(shuí)能懷疑他陳述的真實(shí)性？ (= Surely no one can  would doubt it.)  Aren't you ashamed of yourself 難道你不慚愧嗎？(= You should be ashamed of yourself.)  Who doesn't know the sun rises in the east 誰(shuí)不知道太陽(yáng)從東方升起？(＝Everyone knows the sun rises in the east.)

　　A. it引導(dǎo)的強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)

　　“It is + 被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分 + thatwho + 句子其他部分”是使用最廣的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。除了謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不能強(qiáng)調(diào)外，句子中其它成分，如主語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)都可以用該句型中加以強(qiáng)調(diào)。

　　→用強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)強(qiáng)調(diào)句子成分

　　1．強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)  被強(qiáng)調(diào)的主語(yǔ)是人時(shí)，可用It iswas ... thatwho ...，但如果被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分既包括人又包括物，只能用that。  He bought a camera yesterday.   -- It was he thatwho bought a camera yesterday. 是他昨天買(mǎi)了一架照相機(jī)。  The famous writer and his works have aroused great interest among the students.   -- It is the famous writer and his works that have aroused great interest among the students. 在學(xué)生中引起極大的興趣的正是這位著名作家以及他的作品。

　　注意：  強(qiáng)調(diào)“I”時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的變化形式。  It is I who am to blame.  It is me who is to blame. 是我該受到責(zé)怪。（非正式文體）

　　2. 強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語(yǔ)  She helped me yesterday.   --It was me thatwhom she helped yesterday. 昨天她幫助的人是我。  They often talk about the school and the teachers.   --It is the school and the teachers that they often talk about. 他們經(jīng)常談?wù)摰氖菍W(xué)校和老師。

　　3. 強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)  We elected him chairman of the meeting.   -- It was chairman of the meeting that we elected him. 我們選他是做會(huì)議的主席。  We painted the wall white. It was white that we painted the wall. 我們把墻漆成的是白色。  4. 強(qiáng)調(diào)狀語(yǔ)  英語(yǔ)中的狀語(yǔ)種類很多,一般都可以用It iswas ... that ...來(lái)強(qiáng)調(diào)。

　　①時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)  He left his hometown for Taiwan in his teens. 他十幾歲時(shí)就離開(kāi)家鄉(xiāng)去了臺(tái)灣。  -- It was in his teens that he left his hometown for Taiwan. 他是在十幾歲時(shí)離開(kāi)家鄉(xiāng)去臺(tái)灣的。  He let out the secret after the guest had gone away. 客人走后, 他說(shuō)出了秘密。  -- It was after the guest had gone away that he let out the secret. 是在客人走后,他才說(shuō)出了秘密。  提示：  如果強(qiáng)調(diào)由not…until till 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，要注意否定前移。  He didn't return to his hometown until after liberation.  -- It was not until after liberation that he returned to his hometown. 他是解放后才回到他家鄉(xiāng)的。

　　②頻率狀語(yǔ)  He comes to see me once in a while.   -- It is once in a while that he comes to see me. 他現(xiàn)在是偶爾來(lái)看看我。

　　③地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)  The car accident happened in this street yesterday.   -- It was in this street that the car accident happened yesterday. 昨天就是在這條街上發(fā)生了汽車事故。

　　④方式狀語(yǔ)  They took care of their sick mother by turns.   -- It was by turns that they took care of their sick mother. 他們輪流來(lái)照看生病的母親。

　　⑤目的狀語(yǔ)  He got up early to catch the early bus.   --It was to catch the early bus that he got up early. 是為了趕早班車，他才起得很早的。

　　⑥原因狀語(yǔ)  They could not cross the river because the water had risen.  -- It was because the water had risen that they could not cross the river. 正是由于水漲了，他們沒(méi)有渡過(guò)河去。  提示：  在強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)It iswas ...that ...中，要用because來(lái)引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句，不用since或as。（見(jiàn)第11章 狀語(yǔ)從句）

　　⑦其他狀語(yǔ)  The tailor made a suit to my own measure.   -- It was to my own measure that the tailor made a suit. 裁縫是按我自己的尺寸做了一套衣服。

　　⑧with without 復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)  “with without+名詞代詞+其他成分”這種結(jié)構(gòu)，也可以放在It iswas ... that 中，成為被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分。  He was waiting for his son at the gate, with an umbrella in his hand.    -- It was with an umbrella in his hand that he was waiting for his son at the gate. 他是手里拿著一把傘在門(mén)口等待著他的兒子。   She felt very nervous, with the teacher standing beside her. It was with the teacher standing beside her that she felt very nervous. 是有老師站在她旁邊，她才感到很緊張的。

　　It was at the railway station that we first met 16 years ago. 是在火車站我們16年前第一次相逢。

　　(強(qiáng)調(diào)句，強(qiáng)調(diào)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)at the railway station)